2024 V fib treatment acls

This “2023 American Heart Association Focused Update on Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support” summarizes the most recent published evidence for and …. Publix on atlantic pompano beach

Ventricular fibrillation falls under the ACLS Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm and is the most important algorithm to know for adult resuscitation. Ventricular fibrillation treatment starts with early and effective CPR with the application of oxygen and monitor/defibrillator placement.However, you can’t easily identify the P-Wave. It looks like a flat quiver. A-Fib is a very fast rate between 300 and 650 BPM. Patients exhibiting A-Fib symptoms are usually prescribed blood thinners to prevent blood clots from developing. Atrial Flutter (A-Flutter) A-Flutter is very similar to A-Fib in ACLS heart rhythms.Efficacy of magnesium-amiodarone step-up scheme in critically ill patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation: a prospective observational study. J Intensive Care Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;23(1):61-6. doi: 10.1177/0885066607310181Indications for ACLS Vasoconstriction effects : epinephrine binds directly to alpha-1 adrenergic receptors of the blood vessels (arteries and veins) causing direct vasoconstriction, thus, improving perfusion pressure to the brain and heart.Ever wondered what the difference between synchronized and unsynchronized cardioversion is? Synchronized cardioversion is a LOW ENERGY SHOCK that uses a sensor to deliver electricity that is synchronized with the peak of the QRS complex (the highest point of the R-wave). When the “sync” option is engaged on a defibrillator and …Each ACLS algorithm is designed to simplify the process for the management and treatment of patients experiencing a cardiovascular emergency or progressing toward a cardiovascular emergency. ... The left branch is used for the treatment of ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. The right branch is used for the …Extracardiac causes. ” for further detail. secondary to several factors (see “Etiology” for details). Symptoms may be unprovoked or exacerbated by physical and/or emotional triggers (e.g., exercise, anger). Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia originating in the cardiac ventricles.Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) ECG interpretation, causes, treatment, nursing NCLEX and ACLS review.Quiz: https://www.registerednursern.com/ventricular-fib...In patients with cardiac arrest refractory to standard ACLS, vasopressin induced an increase in blood pressure, and in some cases, ROSC. 51 In a similar clinical evaluation after approximately 40 minutes of unsuccessful ACLS, 4 of 10 patients responded to vasopressin and had a mean increase in coronary perfusion pressure of 28 mm Hg. 46 In a ...Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) and Ventricular fibrillation (VF) are life-threatening cardiac rhythms that result in ineffective ventricular contractions. The ventricular motion of VF is not synchronized with atrial contractions. VT or VTach (Figure 25) is a …Request an appointment. On this page. Diagnosis. Treatment. Self care. Coping and support. Diagnosis. Ventricular fibrillation is always diagnosed in an …Mar 28, 2024 · The American Heart Association (AHA) formally endorsed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in 1963, and by 1966 they had adopted standardized CPR guidelines for instruction to lay rescuers [ 2 ]. Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines have evolved over the past several decades based on a combination of scientific evidence of variable ... Young Nigerian playboys and debutantes spending their inheritance in London and New York is an unsavory counterpoint to the life lived by their countrymen and women at home. Nigeri... In ACLS, Lidocaine is used intravenously for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. (VT/VF) It is also useful for the treatment of stable monomorphic VT with preserved ventricular function and for stable polymorphic VT with preserved left ventricular function, normal QT interval, and correction of any electrolyte imbalances. Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic that can also be used and is considered equivalent to amiodarone in the treatment of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Dosing. Provide an initial dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg IV or IO. If pVT or VF persists the lidocaine may be repeated at 0.5-0.75 mg/kg over 5 to 10 minute intervals ...ACLS Tachycardia Algorithm. The ACLS Tachycardia Algorithm is used for patients who have marked tachycardia, usually greater than 150 beats per minute, and a palpable pulse. Some patients may have cardiovascular instability with tachycardia at heart rate less than 150 bpm. It is important to consider the clinical context when treating adult ...Each of the ACLS Algorithms utilizes a number of drugs which we will classify as the “primary ACLS drugs”. The “primary drugs” are the medications that are used directly in an ACLS Algorithm. Here are the primary ACLS medications broken down by algorithm and a link to its respective page which covers in detail all aspects of medication ...Reviewed/Revised Jan 2023. Ventricular fibrillation is a potentially fatal, uncoordinated series of very rapid, ineffective contractions of the ventricles (lower chambers of the heart) caused by many chaotic electrical impulses. Ventricular fibrillation causes unconsciousness in seconds, and if the disorder is not rapidly treated, death follows.Ventricular fibrillation falls under the ACLS Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm and is the most important algorithm to know for adult resuscitation. Ventricular fibrillation treatment starts with early and effective CPR with the application of oxygen and monitor/defibrillator placement.An Uber and Lyft driver from Chicago has launched the new DriverChatter app that enables drivers to connect with colleagues on their own social platform. An Uber and Lyft driver fr...Jan 22, 2024 · Ventricular fibrillation ("VF" or " V-fib ") is a life-threatening. cardiac arrhythmia. characterized by disorganized, high-frequency ventricular contractions that result in diminished. cardiac output. and hemodynamic collapse. V-fib usually begins with. ventricular tachycardia. Atrial fibrillation (A-fib) ECG / EKG interpretation, treatment, causes, and nursing review for nurses, nursing students, and NCLEX.Quiz: https://www.registe...Nov 22, 2016 ... ACLS Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm - Ventricular Fibrillation ; ACLS Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm - PEA/Asystole. ACLS Certification Institute ...Since the ventricles are responsible for pumping blood to the lungs and throughout the body, ventricular arrhythmias are often deadly. When talking about ventricular arrhythmias, we are primarily talking about VTACH (ventricular tachycardia), or VFIB (ventricular fibrillation). Ventricular escape rhythm is a backup rhythm for very …This “2023 American Heart Association Focused Update on Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support” summarizes the most recent published evidence for and …Ventricular fibrillation is an emergency that requires immediate medical attention. It's the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death. Emergency treatment for ventricular fibrillation includes cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and shocks to the heart with a device called an automated external defibrillator (AED).It’s administered over 10 minutes. Should the V-tach, whether it’s polymorphic or monomorphic, lapse into V-fib, which can happen, immediately go into your V-fib algorithm. Let’s look at ventricular fibrillation. No pulse. No cardiac output. First drug of choice is epinephrine 1:10,000 1 mg IV push every 3 to 5 minutes. There’s no max ... Many tachyarrhythmias of a rate >150 will deteriorate into pulselessness if timely treatment is not given. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia is treated using the left branch of the cardiac arrest algorithm. Adult Dosage of Amiodarone. When using amiodarone to treat V-Fib or pulseless V-tach cardiac arrest which is unresponsive to CPR, shock, and vasopressors, a first dose is given at 300 mg via IV or IO push. And a second dose is delivered at half that, or 150 mg, also via IV or IO push. For life-threatening arrhythmias, a maximum accumulated dose ...Acute ventricular fibrillation (VF) is treated according to Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) protocols. [ 81, 82] ) Interest in improving rates of public...Learn how to treat a patient in VTach or VFib, two shockable rhythms that can cause cardiac arrest. Follow the ACLS algorithm for initial assessment, CPR, defibrillation, shock, epinephrine, and post-arrest care. Get tips and guidelines from ACLS Medical Training.Atrial rate usually exceeds 350. If the ventricular rate is between 60 and 100 bpm, this is known as “controlled” A-Fib. If the ventricular rate is more than 100, it is considered A-Fib with Rapid Ventricular Response (RVR), also known as uncontrolled A-Fib. P WaveVentricular fibrillation, or VF, is considered the most serious abnormal heart rhythm. VF is extremely dangerous and can lead to sudden cardiac death. Without treatment, the condition is fatal within minutes. Disordered electrical activity causes the heart’s lower chambers (ventricles) to quiver instead of contracting (or beating) normally.Learn and Master ACLS/PALS. ... emergencies, is the H’s and T’s of ACLS. See the H’s and T’s page for more information on the causes and treatment of PEA. Prepare for AHA ACLS Today! Full ACLS access starting at $19.95. ... I need the treatment Algorithm for pulseless patient in code blue with a history of DVT and A-Fib. Reply. ACLS ...As the treatments for asystole and ventricular fibrillation are different, it is important to differentiate between the two. If in doubt, it is acceptable to deliver a shock. If it is fine v-fib, you may terminate the rhythm; however, if the rhythm is asystole, defibrillation will be ineffective and you can follow the asystole protocol with ...N Engl J Med. 2019;380:1499-1508. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an abnormal rhythm caused by the rapid firing of multiple cells in the atria, the upper chambers of the heart, which cause the atria to quiver ineffectively. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice and is associated ...Narrow irregular: 120-200 J biphasic or 200 J monophasic; i.e., atrial fibrillation; Wide regular: 100 J; i.e., monomorphic VT; Wide irregular: defibrillation dose (not synchronized) Stable Tachycardia. Patients with stable tachycardia are treated based upon whether they have a narrow or wide QRS complex. The following flow diagram shows the ... Author: American Heart Association Subject: Please contact the American Heart Association at [email protected] or 1-214-706-1886 to request a long description of this image. An Uber and Lyft driver from Chicago has launched the new DriverChatter app that enables drivers to connect with colleagues on their own social platform. An Uber and Lyft driver fr...Background: American Heart Association Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) guidelines support the use of either amiodarone or lidocaine for cardiac arrest caused by ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) based on studies of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Studies comparing amiodarone and lidocaine in adult populations with in-hospital …It’s administered over 10 minutes. Should the V-tach, whether it’s polymorphic or monomorphic, lapse into V-fib, which can happen, immediately go into your V-fib algorithm. Let’s look at ventricular fibrillation. No pulse. No cardiac output. First drug of choice is epinephrine 1:10,000 1 mg IV push every 3 to 5 minutes. There’s no max ...Reviewed/Revised Jan 2023. Ventricular fibrillation is a potentially fatal, uncoordinated series of very rapid, ineffective contractions of the ventricles (lower chambers of the heart) caused by many chaotic electrical impulses. Ventricular fibrillation causes unconsciousness in seconds, and if the disorder is not rapidly treated, death follows.Hide Transcript. Ventricular fibrillation (also called VFib or VF) is caused by multiple ectopic electrical impulses which depolarize the myocardium in a chaotic fashion. This results in a quivering (or fibrillatory) heart that cannot produce a pulse or …Picking the right sealant for foundation cracks can be hard. This guide is here to help by looking at the best kinds of sealants for foundation cracks. Expert Advice On Improving Y...Avoid e xcessive v entilation. Change c ompressor e very 2 minutes, or sooner if fatigued. If no advanced airway, 30:2 compression-ventilation ratio ...If you are pursuing a career in healthcare, chances are you have heard of the American Heart Association (AHA) Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) certification. This certi...The treatment for ventricular fibrillation is rapid defibrillation. Every minute that defibrillation is delayed, the chance of survival is reduced by 10%. The key steps to treating ventricular fibrillation are: Rapid assessment to confirm cardiac arrest. Starting CPR. Applying the defibrillator and delivering the first shock as soon as possible.Jun 6, 2018 · Acute ventricular fibrillation (VF) is treated according to Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) protocols. [81, 82] ) Interest in improving rates of public cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training—with a special emphasis on the use of early defibrillation with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) by public service personnel (eg, police, fire, airline)—is widespread. [] This article provides the guidelines for the management of symptomatic bradycardia and tachycardia, two common cardiac arrhythmias that can cause hemodynamic instability and organ dysfunction. It covers the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients with these conditions, as well as the indications for device therapy and referral to specialized centers. The article is based on the latest ...Preamble. In 2015, approximately 350 000 adults in the United States experienced nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) attended by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. 1 Approximately 10.4% of patients with OHCA survive their initial hospitalization, and 8.2% survive with good functional status. The key drivers …V-fib and Pulseless V-tach; V-fib and Pulseless V-tach, Pediatric; Pulseless Electrical Activity ... Tachycardia, Pediatric; PVC Treatment; Supraventricular Tachycardia, Adult; Pulmonary Edema; Epinephrine Dose by Age and Route; Blood Pressure Management; Bicarbonate Therapy; Rate Control in A-fib and A-flutter ... Argyle, B., ACLS Teaching ...In patients with cardiac arrest refractory to standard ACLS, vasopressin induced an increase in blood pressure, and in some cases, ROSC. 51 In a similar clinical evaluation after approximately 40 minutes of unsuccessful ACLS, 4 of 10 patients responded to vasopressin and had a mean increase in coronary perfusion pressure of 28 mm Hg. 46 …Synchronized cardioversion is a procedure similar to electrical defibrillation in that a transthoracic electrical current is applied to the anterior chest to terminate a life-threatening or unstable tachycardic arrhythmia. Unlike defibrillation, which is used in cardiac arrest patients, synchronized cardioversion is performed on patients that still have a pulse but are hemodynamically unstable ... Narrow irregular: 120-200 J biphasic or 200 J monophasic; i.e., atrial fibrillation; Wide regular: 100 J; i.e., monomorphic VT; Wide irregular: defibrillation dose (not synchronized) Stable Tachycardia. Patients with stable tachycardia are treated based upon whether they have a narrow or wide QRS complex. The following flow diagram shows the ... Autosomal recessive is one of several ways that a trait, disorder, or disease can be passed down through families. Autosomal recessive is one of several ways that a trait, disorder...ACLS Tachycardia Algorithm. The ACLS Tachycardia Algorithm is used for patients who have marked tachycardia, usually greater than 150 beats per minute, and a palpable pulse. Some patients may have cardiovascular instability with tachycardia at heart rate less than 150 bpm. It is important to consider the clinical context when treating adult ...Ever wondered what the difference between synchronized and unsynchronized cardioversion is? Synchronized cardioversion is a LOW ENERGY SHOCK that uses a sensor to deliver electricity that is synchronized with the peak of the QRS complex (the highest point of the R-wave). When the “sync” option is engaged on a defibrillator and …Part 7.2: Management of Cardiac Arrest. Four rhythms produce pulseless cardiac arrest: ventricular fibrillation (VF), rapid ventricular tachycardia (VT), pulseless electrical activity (PEA), and asystole. Survival from these arrest rhythms requires both basic life support (BLS) and advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS).1. Description of the problem. Early diagnosis and rapid defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation (Vfib) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia can significantly increase chances for survival ...N Engl J Med. 2019;380:1499-1508. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an abnormal rhythm caused by the rapid firing of multiple cells in the atria, the upper chambers of the heart, which cause the atria to quiver ineffectively. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice and is associated ...Summary. Ventricular fibrillation, or VFib or VF, is a dangerous arrhythmia that causes the heart's lower chambers (ventricles) to erratically quiver instead of pumping blood as they should. VFib results in sudden cardiac arrest and requires emergent defibrillation (electric shock) to restore the heart's normal rhythm.Review guidelines for the pediatric cardiac arrest algorithm with our free resources. Start CPR. Start CPR with hard and fast compressions, around 100 to 120 per minute, allowing the chest to completely recoil. Give the patient oxygen and attach a monitor or defibrillator. Make sure to minimize interruptions in chest compressions and avoid ... In ACLS, Lidocaine is used intravenously for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. (VT/VF) It is also useful for the treatment of stable monomorphic VT with preserved ventricular function and for stable polymorphic VT with preserved left ventricular function, normal QT interval, and correction of any electrolyte imbalances. Aug 20, 2021 ... This video is a response to confusion about using Adenosine for Vtach with a pulse. In this video Marc goes breaks down the AHA algorithm ...Approximately 80% of individuals who suffer a sudden cardiac arrest have ventricular fibrillation prior to the cardiac arrest. Most of these have atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary artery disease) as the underlying cause. Other common causes are cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic or dilated), arrhythmogenic right ventricular …ACLS pretest: Section 3. After initiation of CPR and 1 shock for ventricular fibrillation, this rhythm is present on the next rhythm check. A second shock is given, and chest compressions are resumed immediately. An IV is in place, and no drugs have been given. Bag-mask ventilations are producing visible chest rise.Preamble. In 2015, approximately 350 000 adults in the United States experienced nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) attended by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. 1 Approximately 10.4% of patients with OHCA survive their initial hospitalization, and 8.2% survive with good functional status. Ventricular fibrillation, also known as VFib, and pulseless ventricular tachycardia, also known as V-tach, are lethal dysrhythmias that do not produce a pulse. VFib is the most common initial dysrhythmia in cardiac arrest patients and will regress to asystole if it isn't treated in a short amount of time. That treatment includes rapid ... When it comes to treating patients experiencing cardiac emergencies, the American Heart Association (AHA) has set the standard with their Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS...For acute therapy, there is the new concept of the five ‘A's, which refers to adenosine, adrenaline, ajmaline, amiodarone, and atropine. The five ‘A's concept will enable safe and effective treatment of all bradycardias, tachycardias, SVTs, VT, ventricular flutter, ventricular fibrillation, and of asystole. Go to:When the heart rate is extremely rapid, it may be difficult to determine if the rate is irregular, and the absence of p-waves will be the best indicator of atrial fibrillation. ACLS Treatments: For the purposes of ACLS atrial fibrillation is treated when the arrhythmia/tachyarrhythmia produces hemodynamic instability and serious signs and symptoms.Following a rules change, the only international agreement to curb airline emissions will now miss almost all of them. 2020 was supposed to be a pivotal year for the airline indust...Ventricular fibrillation, also known as VFib, and pulseless ventricular tachycardia, also known as V-tach, are lethal dysrhythmias that do not produce a pulse. VFib is the most common initial dysrhythmia in cardiac arrest patients and will regress to asystole if it isn't treated in a short amount of time. That treatment includes rapid ...https://www.proacls.com - ACLS Certification Training Videos**Get $20 off your certification or recertification with the discount code youtubeacls2017The key...Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most important shockable cardiac arrest rhythm. It is invariably fatal unless advanced life support is rapidly instituted. ECG findings in Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) Chaotic irregular deflections of varying amplitude. No identifiable P waves, QRS complexes, or T waves.In patients with cardiac arrest refractory to standard ACLS, vasopressin induced an increase in blood pressure, and in some cases, ROSC. 51 In a similar clinical evaluation after approximately 40 minutes of unsuccessful ACLS, 4 of 10 patients responded to vasopressin and had a mean increase in coronary perfusion pressure of 28 mm Hg. 46 …2018 American Heart Association Focused Update on Advanced ...Figure. Atrial fibrillation, also known as a-fib, is the most common dysrhythmia that nurses will encounter. Characterized by uncoordinated atrial activation with consequent loss of atrial mechanical function, a-fib is most likely to occur in those age 80 years and older. 1 The number of men and women affected by a-fib is projected to more than ...Picking the right sealant for foundation cracks can be hard. This guide is here to help by looking at the best kinds of sealants for foundation cracks. Expert Advice On Improving Y...The two images show what ventricular fibrillation will look like on an EKG rhythm strip. VF can rapidly lead to heart muscle ischemia, and there is a high likelihood that it will …Part 10.4: Hypothermia. Unintentional hypothermia is a serious and preventable health problem. Severe hypothermia (body temperature <30°C [86°F]) is associated with marked depression of critical body functions that may make the victim appear clinically dead during the initial assessment. But in some cases hypothermia may exert a protective ...Nov 15, 2022 · Ventricular Fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation, or VF, is considered the most serious abnormal heart rhythm. VF is extremely dangerous and can lead to sudden cardiac death. Without treatment, the condition is fatal within minutes. Disordered electrical activity causes the heart’s lower chambers (ventricles) to quiver instead of ... Since the ventricles are responsible for pumping blood to the lungs and throughout the body, ventricular arrhythmias are often deadly. When talking about ventricular arrhythmias, we are primarily talking about VTACH (ventricular tachycardia), or VFIB (ventricular fibrillation). Ventricular escape rhythm is a backup rhythm for very …V-tach can be life-threatening if it's sustained (lasting more than 30 seconds). VFib. A fast, abnormal rhythm starts in the ventricles and prevents blood from being pumped throughout the body. Ventricle walls twitch or quiver uncontrollably and irregularly. VFib is always life-threatening, causing sudden cardiac arrest.

The treatment for ventricular fibrillation is rapid defibrillation. Every minute that defibrillation is delayed, the chance of survival is reduced by 10%. The key steps to treating ventricular fibrillation are: Rapid assessment to confirm cardiac arrest. Starting CPR. Applying the defibrillator and delivering the first shock as soon as possible.. Outback steakhouse sumter sc

Go to: VF is often linked to underlying structural heart disease. Three percent to 12% of cases of myocardial infarction (MI) develop VF during the acute phase. MI patients with complete coronary …Refractory ventricular fibrillation (RVF) is a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia unresponsive to traditional methods of defibrillation and advanced cardiovascular life support ( ACLS ). Current literature lacks a uniform definition for RVF, however, some studies provide more specific clinical definitions of refractory ventricular fibrillation ...Given the difficulty in converting RVF to a perfusing rhythm, here are a few strategies beyond the standard therapy to add to your toolbox. Refractory ventricular fibrillation (RVF) is a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia unresponsive to traditional methods of defibrillation and advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS). RFV has … Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic agent and is used for the treatment of various types of tachyarrhythmias. Because of the toxicity and serious side-effects of amiodarone, use it cautiously and do not exceed the cumulative total of 2.2 grams in 24 hours. Indications for ACLS Completing prerequisite coursework for advanced cardiac life support certification results in the receipt of eight continuing education units, or CEUs. CEUs are alternatively known...The most common indications for synchronized cardioversion are unstable atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia, and supraventricular tachycardias. ... as there could be underlying causes or conditions that need to be addressed. Alternative treatments or interventions may be considered, such as medication adjustments, catheter ...Double sequential external defibrillation (DSED; rapid sequential shocks from two defibrillators) and vector-change (VC) defibrillation (switching defibrillation …Cardiac defibrillation is the act of administering a transthoracic electrical current to a person experiencing one of the two lethal ventricular dysrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT). Under Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) guidelines, pulseless VT and VF are treated the same. Heart disease ...These are among the best long-term stocks to buy in Q4. ACLS, AXSM, GBT, GPRO, HCAT, SKLZ, and VERU can make great investments Luke Lango Issues Dire Warning A $15.7 trillion tech ...Pulseless electrical activity is not a specific rhythm. Instead, it’s a term used to describe any organized electrical activity – but excluding VFib or asystole — on an ECG or cardiac monitor that is associated with no palpable pulses. Pulsations can be detected by an arterial waveform or Doppler study. However, pulses are not palpable.Ventricular fibrillation is an emergency that requires immediate medical attention. It's the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death. Emergency treatment for ventricular fibrillation includes cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and shocks to the heart with a device called an automated external defibrillator (AED).The Insider Trading Activity of Poliakoff Abba David on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies Stocks.

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