Weight maine coon - The European Maine Coon features more of a blockhead with a shorter snout, more wrinkles, and deep-set eyes in contrast to the well-formed American Maine Coon’s head. The European Maine Coon is often heavier with a body resembling a tube and can have a slightly sloping back.

 
A kitten is considered fully grown between 1 and 2 years of age, although some breeds, such as the Maine coon, can take longer to develop. Due to how early cats become sexually pot.... Fpl power outages in florida

The weight of Maine Coon cats can vary as long as it stays in the indicated weight range. Generally speaking, the male Maine Coon will always be much larger than the female. Some websites report that the average weight of a male Maine Coon is between 5.9 and 8.2 kg, but you can find a healthy male weighing between 6 and 11 kg.The first step in helping your Maine Coon cat shed those extra pounds is to assess their diet. A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for weight management. Start by consulting with your veterinarian to determine the optimal calorie intake for your cat based on their current weight and age. When it comes to your Maine Coon cat’s diet, opt for ...Author. Katrina Stewardson. A Maine Coon cat enthusiast with 11+ years experience owning three Maine Coon cats. I have first-hand experience of many Maine Coon health issues, e.g. hip dysplasia, bent tail canal, and arthritis.The Maine Coon Ragdoll mix is a cross between the two most popular cat breeds, both known for being the most stunning and fluffy cats around. These large cats are affectionate, calm, loyal, and really ... Average Weight: 14 to 20 lbs: Average Height: 9 to 17 inches: Physical Characteristics: Thick coat, large paws: Personality: Affectionate ...Weight 12-17 or more Pounds; Height 9-17 Inches; Lifespan 12-16 Years; Colors Any, except chocolate, lavendar, Himalayan or these mixed with white; Child Friendliness. ... Maine Coons and Siberians accept training better than some breeds, so you may be able to teach them to walk on a leash. It takes the proper equipment and a …The typical Maine Coon colors are white, cream, brown tabby, black, and blue. The dilute gene, which is how blue is caused, is responsible for turning red to cream, chocolate to lilac, and black to grey (also called blue by most breeders). To have a few diluted kittens in the litter, one parent must have the d/d genotype.When a Maine Coon stops growing, after 2 to 3 years the average female Maine Coon weighs 3.6kg (8lbs) to 5.4kg (12lbs). The average male Maine Coon weighs 5.9kg (13lbs) to 8.2kg (18lbs). They like to socialize and is known for its kind and jolly nature. Normally, you would not be able to spot a Maine Coon at a young age because they are …Weight 12-17 or more Pounds; Height 9-17 Inches; Lifespan 12-16 Years; Colors Any, except chocolate, lavendar, Himalayan or these mixed with white; Child Friendliness. ... Maine Coons and Siberians accept training better than some breeds, so you may be able to teach them to walk on a leash. It takes the proper equipment and a …British Shorthair Mix Maine Coon is a medium to large breed with males being heavier and more muscular than females. It may take 3 to 5 years before they reach their full height and weight because of their size. …The average weight of a Maine Coon cat varies from 8-25 lbs. Larger Maine Coons tend to be males, with a weight ranging from 15-25 lbs (6.8 – 11.3 kg). The average female Maine Coon weighs between 8-12 lbs (3.6-5.4 kg).The Weight of a Maine Coon kitten can vary between 7-12 pounds at five months and 9-15 pounds at eight months. Factors Affecting Maine Coon Size. Several factors can influence the size of a Maine Coon, including genetics, diet, …Weight: Male Maine Coon cats typically weigh between 18 to 22 pounds (8.2 to 10 kg), while females weigh between 12 to 15 pounds (5.4 to 6.8 kg). Comparison to Normal Cat Length: The body length of a normal domestic cat typically ranges from 18 to 20 inches (46 to 51 cm).Maine Coon cats are obligate carnivores. Feed them high-quality food that has a high protein content of 50% or more, 2-4 times a day. Groom Maine Coons 2-3 times a week to avoid fur matting. Play with your Maine Coon for 30 minutes a day, to prevent obesity. Spend ample time with around your cat. Give a Maine Coon safe access to the outside …The average weight of a Maine Coon cat varies from 8-25 lbs. Larger Maine Coons tend to be males, with a weight ranging from 15-25 lbs (6.8 – 11.3 kg). The average female Maine Coon weighs between 8-12 lbs (3.6-5.4 kg).Maine Coon Kittens (Credit: Mueller-rech.muenchen 2008 (CC BY-SA 3.0) V. Hypothetical Confrontation: – In a hypothetical fight, the Maine Coon’s larger size and weight could give it a practical advantage over the Siberian Cat, illustrating how physical attributes contribute to potential outcomes in feline confrontations.Maine Coons are one of the largest domesticated cat breeds. Adult males typically weigh between 13 to 18 pounds (5.9 to 8.2 kilograms) or more, while adult females are slightly smaller, usually ranging from 8 to 12 pounds (3.6 to 5.4 kilograms). Some exceptional Maine Coons can even exceed these weight ranges.As Maine Coon cats do not reach full maturity until they are 5 years old, the weight range can be quite large and depends upon many defining factors. However, as a rule adult male Maine Coons are between 6.8 kg and 11.33 kg. Female Maine Coons, being smaller, have a weight range between 5.0 kg to 9.1 kg. These are weight ranges for healthy cats.Weight — 10-15 pounds (female), 15-25 pounds (male) Coat characteristics — Long, thick, and shaggy coat with a waterproof topcoat over the softer undercoat. …A good formula to follow is that a Maine Coon Cat needs about 50 – 70 calories per 1kg of body weight. For reference, Maine Coon Males weigh from about 15-25 lbs. (6.8 – 11.3 kg). The average female Maine Coon weighs between 8-12 lbs. (3.6-5.4 kg).They are large cats and tend to weigh somewhere between 11 to 25 pounds. They may also be around 10 to 16 inches in height. A Maine Coon's body is: Large Boned ...These sturdily built felines usually weigh 8–18 pounds and have muscular bodies with wide chests and solid legs. As if their big-boned build wasn't enough, the …Sep 18, 2017 ... Maine Coon. Maine Coons are large kitties. Male weigh about 6 to 8kg and female about 3,5 to 5,5kg. · Siberian cat or Siberian Forest Cat.Still, measuring healthy Maine Coons based on weight is a good way to estimate their size. The heaviest recorded Maine Coon right now is Ludo, who weighs an incredible 34 pounds. This is well above the average weight for Maine Coons, who typically weigh between 8 …Still, measuring healthy Maine Coons based on weight is a good way to estimate their size. The heaviest recorded Maine Coon right now is Ludo, who weighs an incredible 34 pounds. This is well above the average weight for Maine Coons, who typically weigh between 8 …Male Maine Coon Weight Chart. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the typical weight ranges for male Maine Coons: Age (Months) Average Weight (lbs) Maximum Weight (lbs) 3: 3.5 – 5.5: 6 – 8: 6: 7 – 11: 13 – 18: 12: 12 – 18: 20 – 25: Female Maine Coon Weight Chart. And for the female counterparts: Age (Months) Average Weight (lbs)The 6 Maine Coon Health Problems. 1. Hip Dysplasia. Hip dysplasia is a rare condition in cats caused by misshapen hip joints that lead to joint stress and pain. Although it’s relatively uncommon, it occurs mostly in larger cats like Maine Coons, and some doctors estimate that up to 18% of Maine Coon cats suffer from the disease.A Maine coon tabby mix is a feline that has genetic traits from both a tabby and Main coon cat. While the species may be difficult to identify by observing markings alone, it is po...Apr 15, 2023 ... Question: The average weight of adult male Maine Coon cats is 15.4 pounds with an SD of 1.4 pounds. If the weights follow the normal curve and ...Protein content should be around 30-40% or higher in the food. You need to pick a product that has the right amount of nutrients and actual meat. Nutritionists for cats recommend the following meals ratio for Best Cat Foods For Maine Coon Cats each day: Low-carb (from 0% to 3%). protein-rich (more than 50-55% proteins)A Maine Coon can be confused for a full-grown cat at six months of age. They can weigh anywhere between 6 and 13 pounds or more. Males will likely be over 10 pounds. Females will weigh six and a half pounds to 8 or 9 pounds on average. Female cats will go into heat around five or six months old.Muscles have several main functions, including locomotion, heat production, structural support and muscle contractions. Muscles are dense and account for nearly 40 percent of the b...Maine Coon Cat Breed Overview Nickname: Gentle Giant Country of Origin: United States Of America Lifestyle: Indoor/Outdoor Personality: Intelligent, Sociable, Playful Height: 10-16 inches (25.5-40.5 cm) Body Weight: 8-25 pounds (3.6-11.5 kg) Lifespan: 12-15 years Main Coon: History Of The Breed The history of the Maine Coon is riddled with mysteries …Unlocking the Secrets of their Weight. October 20, 2023 by DR HARUN, DVM. Maine Coon cats can weigh between 15 to 25 pounds on average. These large and sturdy cats are known for their impressive size and can reach lengths of up to 40 inches from nose to tail. With their muscular physique, Maine Coons are one of the heaviest domesticated cat breeds.11 – 13 years. Colors: White, black, cream, blue. Suitable for: Adults, families with kids, apartments, houses, multi-pet households. Temperament: Gentle, affectionate, patient, intelligent. You will be more likely to encounter this cat while they are playing rather than napping. These cats are both popular and rare.If you’re looking for a smart and friendly cat that’s easily adaptable to various situations, you may want to consider the Maine Coon. It’s the largest domestic cat breed, and it’s...For Maine Coon cats, meat-based protein like chicken and fish are recommended. It is estimated that Maine Coon kittens should get a daily protein intake of 30 to 50 percent and adults should get a daily protein intake of about 25 to 40 percent.Dimensions: 16”L x 16”W x 32”H. Weight: 16 pounds. The SmartCat Ultimate 32-in Sisal Cat Scratching Post provides the best scratching post for Maine Coons for the money. This scratching post ...Maine Coons grow steadily but slowly, with the males growing up to 25 pounds and the females weighing 10 to 15 pounds. They are generally about 40 inches …Aug 8, 2023 ... Maine Coon Size ... Now, about the size - On average, males weigh from 13 to 18 lb (5.9 to 8.2 kg), with females weighing from 8 to 12 lb (3.6 to ...Maine Coon Growth Pictures. If you’re having trouble knowing what your Maine Coon kitten should look like as it grows, you can find Maine Coon growth pictures on the Internet to get a better idea. 1 Year Old Maine Coon Weight. When a Maine Coon Cat is one year old, it should weigh about twelve pounds, although this can vary from cat to cat.Motor oil weight depends on viscosity and other factors. Learn how motor oil weight is determined in this article. Advertisement On every bottle of motor oil there is a seal that g...Maine Coon mixes come in all sizes, from the tiny teacup size to the large, regal cats. Though the average Maine Coon mix weighs between 10-15 pounds, it is possible for them to reach up to 20 pounds or more. Maine Coon mixes can be just as big as their purebred cousins, which can weigh up to 25 pounds.Male Maine Coons will be twice as large as females and grow to be 15 to 25 pounds in weight on average. One of the largest cats on the planet is a Maine Coon named Stewie. In addition to being extremely tall (48.5 inches (123.19 cm), he was also extremely heavy (34 lbs (15 kg).The European Maine Coon features more of a blockhead with a shorter snout, more wrinkles, and deep-set eyes in contrast to the well-formed American Maine Coon’s head. The European Maine Coon is often heavier with a body resembling a tube and can have a slightly sloping back.Average Weight: 8 to 18 pounds. Coloring: Black, white, ginger, glue (gray), and cream. Coat Type: Long, soft and silky hair with a mane around the neck. Average Lifespan: 9-15 years. Key Personality Traits: Affectionate, friendly, and goofy. Maine Coons are among the largest domestic cats, with a luxurious mane and silky soft fur that you ...The average Maine Coon needs to eat between 25 and 35 calories per pound of body weight. If your Maine Coon is eating more than this amount, you should reduce its intake to about 35 calories per pound of body weight. Do not decrease your cat’s food intake too severely, or it can lead to starvation and dangerous weight loss. ...In 2010, however, the Guinness Book of World Records announced that a purebred Maine Coon named “Stewie” is the world’s longest cat. He measures 48.5in from the tip of his nose to the tip of his tail. There’s also Samson, the huge cat from New York that weighs 28 pounds and measures four feet long. [crp]What Is The Average Weight Of A Maine Coon? The average Maine Coon cat weighs around 10 to 25 pounds. Female Maine Coons are smaller than males, weighing up to 10 to 15 pounds (4,5 to 6,8 kg), while Maine Coon male cat weighs around 15 to 25 pounds or 6,8 to 11 kg. However, their rectangular body shape and long coat …The Maine coon is the largest domestic cat breed, and largeness is certainly one of its defining physical characteristics. The size of a typical Maine coon comes in at 10–16 inches tall and up to an impressive 40 inches in length. These sturdily built felines usually weigh 8–18 pounds and have muscular bodies with wide chests and solid legs.Kitten (0-6 months) Birth weight and early development: Maine Coon kittens are born with an average weight of 115-170 grams. During their first few weeks, they experience rapid growth, doubling or tripling their birth weight. This early development stage is crucial, and proper care is essential to ensure healthy growth.The weight of Maine Coon cats changes significantly as they go through their growth stages. Maine Coon kittens start off small, typically weighing around 115 grams at birth. During the first few weeks, they gain weight rapidly, increasing by approximately 30 grams each week. By the time they reach one month, their weight can range from 450 to ...Maine Coons are known for their impressive size. On average, they can weigh between 10 to 25 pounds when fully grown, with some exceptional individuals surpassing even this range. How Much Does a Maine Coon Cat Weigh? The weight of a Maine Coon varies significantly based on various factors like genetics, diet, and gender.This is usually measured by body weight. For every pound, adult Maine Coons need an average of 25-35 calories per day. However, this varies for each cat depending on its current weight. For overweight Maine Coons, work with your vet to determine how many calories you need to reduce to reach the target weight.The scientific evidence is clear: Cutting calories simply doesn’t lead to long-term weight loss or health gains. Diets do not work. The scientific evidence is clear as can be that ...Feb 7, 2023 · Before the second largest Maine Coon was born, the record for the longest domestic cat was held by Ludo, a Maine Coon who lived in the United Kingdom. He measured a massive 46.6 inches in length and was a staggering 34 pounds. Ludo, a Maine Coon who lives in Wakefield, UK, with his owner Kelsey Gill, was the longest cat alive at one point. The best weight bench for bench presses, squats, and other kinds of workouts are sturdy, comfortable, and have a high weight capacity. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive news...Jun 1, 2022 ... Often dubbed as 'gentle giants' or 'dogs of the cat world', Maine Coons are large cats with a reputation for having an easy going and friendly ...The average weight of a Maine Coon cat varies from 8-25 lbs. Larger Maine Coons tend to be males, with a weight ranging from 15-25 lbs (6.8 – 11.3 kg). The average female Maine Coon weighs between 8-12 lbs (3.6-5.4 kg).May 3, 2024 · Maine Coon cats are the big, handsome fluffballs of the cat world. ... This dry food is made to support a healthy weight for indoor cats and has chicken meal and cage-free chicken as the first two ... Weight: Male Maine Coon cats typically weigh between 18 to 22 pounds (8.2 to 10 kg), while females weigh between 12 to 15 pounds (5.4 to 6.8 kg). Comparison to Normal Cat Length: The body length of a normal domestic cat typically ranges from 18 to 20 inches (46 to 51 cm).Adult Maine Coons reach peak weight around age 3-5. Maintain weight with controlled portions for their activity level. Senior Maine Coon metabolism may slow down, gradually losing 1-2 lbs. Monitor any weight loss in seniors as it may signify illness.Moonwalk Mognum is a grey and white Maine Coon who resides in Chaillé-les-Marais, France. Weighing in at 28 pounds, he is one of the largest cats in Europe. 9. Hélios. You may recognize Hélios, named for the ancient Greek sun god, from his YouTube presence. This handsome boy lives in the south of France.Dimensions: 16”L x 16”W x 32”H. Weight: 16 pounds. The SmartCat Ultimate 32-in Sisal Cat Scratching Post provides the best scratching post for Maine Coons for the money. This scratching post ...May 18, 2022 ... One of the largest cat breeds in existence today, and one of the most popular breeds worldwide, the Maine Coon has a heart to match its ...Draco the Maine Coon ( @firstclassmainecoons) is a cat-fluencer with 54,000 followers on TikTok. The footage of the ginger cat, whose page is run by his …We Maine Coons really earned our gentle giant nickname. The past two Guinness World Record holders for the World’s Longest Cat were both Maine Coons! The first, Stewie, was a gray tabby who measured 48.5 inches long – that’s just over 4 feet! The current (living) record holder is Barivel, who measures 47.2 inches.Maine Coon Siberian Mix size, height, and weight. Maine Coon and Siberian cat is medium to large depending on its genes and nutrition. The males are typically more muscular and therefore much heavier than the females. Height : Weight : Male: 12 – 15 inches : 15 – 25 pounds : Female :One of the largest breeds of cat, an adult Maine Coon cat will usually weight anywhere up to 18 pounds for a male, and around 14 pounds for a female. Average full grown weight is from 10 to 20 pounds. These cats usually reach maturity from three years of age, a little slower than other smaller cat breeds. While the largest size can even go ...The Maine Coon tabby is a beautiful and charming cat that combines the best features of the Maine Coon breed and the tabby pattern. They have a stunning coat that comes in various colors and patterns, a large and sturdy body that gives them strength and endurance, a pair of large and tufted ears that give them a wild and exotic appearance, a …One of the largest breeds of cat, an adult Maine Coon cat will usually weight anywhere up to 18 pounds for a male, and around 14 pounds for a female. Average full grown weight is from 10 to 20 pounds. These cats usually reach maturity from three years of age, a little slower than other smaller cat breeds. While the largest size can even go ...Average Size of Maine Coons. The male Maine Coon is larger than the female usually. The size of a full-grown male Coon cat is typically 15-25 pounds, while the female averages between 10-5 pounds. The height of the male cat is 10-16 inches and be about 40 inches long. The female can stand at about 8-14 inches tall and be the same length as the ...4. Purina Go Cat Complete Vitality Plus Chicken & Duck. View on Ebay. Another pick from Purina, this cat food is high in protein which is excellent for your Maine Coon’s diet. It has natural ingredients, and of course, with the name in the title, the main ingredients in this cat food are chicken and duck. Katrina Stewardson. A Maine Coon cat enthusiast with 11+ years experience owning three Maine Coon cats. I have first-hand experience of many Maine Coon health issues, e.g. hip dysplasia, bent tail canal, and arthritis. I have experience in training Maine Coons, registered breeders, adopting Maine Coons, and how to care for a Maine Coon. Biggest Maine Coon In the USA. 3. Samson. Samson is the largest cat in the USA, currently about 6 years old and about 28 pounds! Samson, the biggest cat in the USA. Photo via NYPost. Samson lives in New York with his proud owner, and eats up to 6 cans of wet cat food plus dry kibble daily.If a Maine Coon contracts FPV its blood cells suffer an attack, leading to weight loss. If also makes the cat susceptible to other illnesses, whether bacterial or viral in nature. This is a disease which should be vaccinated against, but in an unvaccinated population of cats it is deadly, with a high mortality rate.The Maine Coon cat is a sturdy, long-haired cat breed native to North America, specifically to Maine. Maine Coon cats are a natural breed that developed large, tufted ears and a thick coat to help ...A full grown Maine Coon cat can weigh anywhere between 8 and 25 pounds. This large weight variation will depend on a number of factors, from whether the cat is …Maine Coons grow steadily but slowly, with the males growing up to 25 pounds and the females weighing 10 to 15 pounds. They are generally about 40 inches long and 16 inches tall. They have muscular bodies and require a high-quality, nutritionally balanced diet and plenty of exercise to ensure they grow up to be healthy and strong.So what is the average weight of a Maine Coon cat? Males are generally larger than female Maine Coon cats. The males, on average, can weigh from 15-25lbs (6.8-11.34kg).Mar 21, 2023 · Maine Coons are one of the largest domestic cat breeds, with males typically weighing between 13-18 pounds (5.9-8.2 kg) and females weighing between 8-12 pounds (3.6-5.4 kg). However, some male Maine Coons can weigh as much as 20 pounds (9 kg) or more. Despite their size, these gentle giants are known for their patience and friendly temperament ... Aug 8, 2023 ... Maine Coon Size ... Now, about the size - On average, males weigh from 13 to 18 lb (5.9 to 8.2 kg), with females weighing from 8 to 12 lb (3.6 to ...Apr 15, 2023 ... Question: The average weight of adult male Maine Coon cats is 15.4 pounds with an SD of 1.4 pounds. If the weights follow the normal curve and ...If you have anxiety, a weighted blanket may help offer support, comfort, and relief from your symptoms. Whether you live with an anxiety disorder or are experiencing more stress th...Gender is another factor that can affect the ideal weight of Maine Coons. Male Maine Coons are typically larger than females, so their ideal weight range is different. Generally, the average weight range for a male Maine Coon is between 13-18 pounds, while females are between 8-12 pounds. Diet plays a crucial role in a Maine Coon’s weight ...Maine Coon Weight Chart by Age. Maine Coon kittens are born weighing between 0.2-0.37 lbs, and their growth is a remarkable journey to behold. At 3 months old, male Maine Coons typically weigh between 3.7-5.3 lbs while females weigh between 3.3-5 lbs. By 6 months, male Maine Coons can tip the scales at 7.5-13 lbs, and females at 6.8-9.5 lbs.Male Maine Coon Dimensions. Below are the dimensions of a male Maine Coon cat: 1. Weight. Male Maine Coons weigh between 15 – 25 pounds on average once they are fully grown. 2. Full Length. If you measure a Maine Coon from the tip of its nose to the end of its tail, it typically measures between 30 and 56 inches.Maine Coon mixes come in all sizes, from the tiny teacup size to the large, regal cats. Though the average Maine Coon mix weighs between 10-15 pounds, it is possible for them to reach up to 20 pounds or more. Maine Coon mixes can be just as big as their purebred cousins, which can weigh up to 25 pounds.

Gender is another factor that can affect the ideal weight of Maine Coons. Male Maine Coons are typically larger than females, so their ideal weight range is different. Generally, the average weight range for a male Maine Coon is between 13-18 pounds, while females are between 8-12 pounds. Diet plays a crucial role in a Maine Coon’s weight .... Dentist that take upmc for you

weight maine coon

The European Maine Coon features more of a blockhead with a shorter snout, more wrinkles, and deep-set eyes in contrast to the well-formed American Maine Coon’s head. The European Maine Coon is often heavier with a body resembling a tube and can have a slightly sloping back.Feb 12, 2024 · Key Takeaways: Maine Coon kittens typically weigh around 100-150 grams (0.22-0.33 lbs) at birth. At 1 month, the average weight of Maine Coon kittens is 500-600 grams (1.1-1.32 lbs). Male tabby Maine Coons typically weigh between 13 to 18 pounds, and females, slightly smaller, weigh in at around 8 to 12 pounds. When it comes to length, don’t be surprised to see a Maine Coon reaching up to 40 inches from nose to tail tip! These measurements, however, can vary from cat to cat.Average weight (adult): 13–18 pounds; Lifespan: 13–14 years; ... Maine Coons are known for their “dog-like” personalities and high intelligence, which makes them easy to train. Along with ...A full grown Maine Coon cat can weigh anywhere between 8 and 25 pounds. This large weight variation will depend on a number of factors, from whether the cat is …Supporting Their Weight When Holding a Maine Coon Cat. In this guide, we will explore the best techniques and tips for ensuring the comfort and safety of both you and your Maine Coon cat. Using Both Hands: When picking up a Maine Coon cat, always use both hands to support their body. This provides stability and helps distribute their weight evenly. The Maine Coon full-grown weight is, on average, between 8 and 25 pounds! However, these cats have a very slow growth rate, so they usually do not reach full size until they are between three and five years old. Maine Coons are naturally large cats, and it’s sometimes difficult to tell when one is overweight. What’s considered overweight also changes depending on a Maine …The weight of an adult Maine Coon varies widely and can be anything from 8 to 30 pounds (3.6 to 13.5 kg.) Luckily, these cats have sturdy, muscular bodies to support their hefty weight. A Maine Coon’s height varies from 25 to 40cm, and their total length from nose to tail can reach 1 meter or more. 2. Maine Coons Are Gentle GiantsMale tabby Maine Coons typically weigh between 13 to 18 pounds, and females, slightly smaller, weigh in at around 8 to 12 pounds. When it comes to length, don’t be surprised to see a Maine Coon reaching up to 40 inches from nose to tail tip! These measurements, however, can vary from cat to cat.Weight — 10-15 pounds (female), 15-25 pounds (male) Coat characteristics — Long, thick, and shaggy coat with a waterproof topcoat over the softer undercoat. ….

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